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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">mgimoconcept</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Концепт: философия, религия, культура</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Concept: philosophy, religion, culture</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2541-8831</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2619-0540</issn><publisher><publisher-name>МГИМО</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.24833/2541-8831-2025-4-36-8-24</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">mgimoconcept-1085</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ФИЛОСОФИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>RESEARCH ARTICLES. PHILOSOPHY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Моральный тест Тьюринга в оптиках нормализации отношения к ИИ в социально значимых технологиях будущего</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The Moral Turing Test within the Frameworks for Normalizing Attitudes towards AI in Socially Significant Future Technologies</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7048-3373</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Антипов</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Antipov</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Алексей Владимирович Антипов — кандидат философских наук, старший научный сотрудник сектора гуманитарных экспертиз и биоэтики</p><p>109240, Россия, г. Москва, ул. Гончарная, д. 12, стр. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Aleksei V. Antipov — PhD in Philosophy, Senior research fellow, Department of Humanitarian Expertise and Bioethics</p><p>12/1 Goncharnaya Str., Moscow, Russia, 109240</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">nelson02@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт философии РАН</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Institute of Philosophy, Russian Academy of Sciences</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>23</day><month>12</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>9</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>8</fpage><lpage>24</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Антипов А.В., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Антипов А.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Antipov A.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://concept.mgimo.ru/jour/article/view/1085">https://concept.mgimo.ru/jour/article/view/1085</self-uri><abstract><p>Распространение новых технологий поднимает проблему применения и адаптации теста Тьюринга для оценки моральных решений, принимаемых системами искусственного интеллекта (ИИ), в контексте биоэтики. Актуальность этой проблемы для философии культуры заключается в необходимости анализа перспектив гармоничного сосуществования человека и искусственных систем с учётом доминирующих культурных нормативных систем, одной из которых является мораль. Цель данного исследования состоит в уточнении подходов к решению этических проблем, связанных с ИИ, на фоне его включения в новейшие социальные технологии. В соответствии с этим необходимо было решить следующие задачи исследования: 1) выявить и описать проблемы, связанные с распространением ИИ в социальной сфере; 2) уточнить специфику постановки этических вопросов, возникающих по ходу внедрения ИИ в этой области; 3) систематизировать сведения о деонтологических оптиках, претендующих на решение проблемы социальной нормализации использования ИИ. Материалами исследования выступают сведения о новейших разработках социального инжиниринга, то есть технологиях, применяющих ИИ в решении социальных задач (в медицине и уходе за пожилыми), а также исследовательская литература, посвящённая использованию ИИ в социальной инженерии будущего. Работа опирается на культурно-ориентированный подход. Использованы метод кейсов и SWOT-анализ. На основе анализа исследовательской литературы представлены различные модификации морального Теста Тьюринга: сравнительный моральный тест Тьюринга (сМТТ), тест на этическую компетентность, тест этической безопасности машины и тест Тьюринга на распределение (моральных) приоритетов (Turing Triage Test). В результате исследования доказано, что моральный тест Тьюринга является функциональным инструментом для демонстрации этической безопасности искусственных систем, но не может служить доказательством наличия у них моральной субъектности в человеческом понимании, что особенно актуально для чувствительной сферы биоэтики. Выводы исследования заключаются в следующем. Во-первых, в рамках разработки указанных модификаций описаны методологические трудности и ограничения данных подходов, связанные с проблемой подражания, «отсутствием понимания» у ИИ, риском программных ошибок и фундаментальными различиями между мышлением и способностью быть моральным субъектом. Во-вторых, продемонстрирована практическая значимость разработки критериев этической верификации ИИ и уточнены конкретные биоэтические проблемы, возникающие при их использовании (проблема ответственности, автономии пациента, стигматизации, равенства доступа). В-третьих, систематизированы философские подходы к вопросу о возможности создания «подлинно» морального ИИ; особо выделены возражения против данного тезиса, основанные на аргументах биологического натурализма (Дж. Сёрл), феноменологии (Х. Дрейфус), а также концепции эрозии моральных навыков человека.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The proliferation of new technologies raises the problem of applying and adapting the Turing Test to evaluate the moral decisions made by artificial intelligence (AI) systems in the context of bioethics. The relevance of this problem for the philosophy of culture lies in the need to analyze the prospects for the harmonious coexistence of humans and artificial systems, considering dominant cultural normative systems, one of which is morality. The aim of this research is to refine approaches to solving ethical problems associated with AI against the backdrop of its integration into the latest social technologies. The research objectives were as follows: 1) to identify and describe the problems associated with the spread of AI in the social sphere; 2) to clarify the specifics of the ethical questions arising from the implementation of AI in this area; 3) to systematize knowledge about existing deontological frameworks that aim to address the problem of the social normalization of AI use. The research materials include information on the latest developments in social engineering, namely technologies that apply AI to solve social tasks (in medicine and elderly care), as well as scholarly literature devoted to the use of AI in the social engineering of the future. The study is based on a culture-oriented approach. The methods used involve case analysis and SWOT analysis. Based on the analysis of scholarly literature, various modifications of the Moral Turing Test are presented: the Comparative Moral Turing Test (cMTT), the Ethical Competence Test, the Machine Ethics Safety Test, and the Turing Triage Test. As a result of the research, it is shown that the Moral Turing Test is a functional tool for demonstrating the ethical safety of artificial systems but cannot serve as proof of their possessing moral agency in the human sense, which is particularly relevant for the sensitive sphere of bioethics. The study concludes that: First, within the framework of developing the aforementioned modifications, the methodological difficulties and fundamental limitations of these approaches are described. These include the problem of imitation, the "absence of understanding" in AI, the risk of software errors, and the fundamental differences between thinking and the capacity to be a moral agent. Second, the practical significance of developing criteria for the ethical verification of AI is demonstrated, and the specific bioethical problems arising from its use are clarified (the problem of responsibility, patient autonomy, stigmatization, and equality of access). Third, philosophical approaches to the question of the possibility of creating "genuinely" moral AI are systematized; objections against this thesis are highlighted, based on the arguments of biological naturalism (J. Searle), phenomenology (H. Dreyfus), as well as the concept of the erosion of human moral skills.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>ценности</kwd><kwd>эрозия культурных навыков</kwd><kwd>ответственность</kwd><kwd>биоэтика</kwd><kwd>моральный тест Тьюринга</kwd><kwd>тест на этическую компетентность</kwd><kwd>тест этической безопасности машины</kwd><kwd>тест Тьюринга на распределение (моральных) приоритетов</kwd><kwd>моральный ИИ</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>values</kwd><kwd>erosion of cultural skills</kwd><kwd>responsibility</kwd><kwd>bioethics</kwd><kwd>Moral Turing Test (MTT)</kwd><kwd>Ethical Competence Test</kwd><kwd>Machine Ethics Safety Test</kwd><kwd>Turing Triage Test</kwd><kwd>moral AI</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Алексеев А. Ю. 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