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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">mgimoconcept</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Концепт: философия, религия, культура</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Concept: philosophy, religion, culture</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2541-8831</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2619-0540</issn><publisher><publisher-name>МГИМО</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.24833/2541-8831-2023-4-28-59-75</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">mgimoconcept-827</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>РЕЛИГИОВЕДЕНИЕ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>RESEARCH ARTICLES. RELIGIOUS STUDIES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Новый/старый образ человека в городских религиозных общинах нового типа</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>New/Old Idea of Man in Urban Religious Communities of a New Type</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5387-9387</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рязанова</surname><given-names>С. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ryazanova</surname><given-names>S. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Светлана Владимировна Рязанова — доктор философских наук, доцент, ведущий научный сотрудник </p><p>Пермь, 614990, Пермь, ул. Ленина, зд. 13А (Россия)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Svetlana V. Ryazanova — Doctor of Philosophy, docent, Senior Researcher at PFR Center of Ural division</p><p>13A, ul. Lenina, Perm’, Russia, 614990 (Russia)</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">svet-ryazanova@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Пермский федеральный исследовательский центр УрО РАН</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Perm Federal Research Center Ural Branch Russian Academy of Sciences</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>23</day><month>12</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>7</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>59</fpage><lpage>75</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Рязанова С.В., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Рязанова С.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Ryazanova S.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://concept.mgimo.ru/jour/article/view/827">https://concept.mgimo.ru/jour/article/view/827</self-uri><abstract><p>Целью статьи является установление специфики формирования представлений о человеке в рамках деятельности новых городских религиозных сообществ Прикамья — Покровской обители и «Семьи Божией». Сообщества сочетают в себе черты народной религиозности, новых религиозных движений и так называемых «исторических сект». Подобный эклектизм не даёт возможности применить к общинам категориальный аппарат, пригодный для описания новых религиозных движений (НРД), сформированный западными (Б. Вильсон, Д. Стоун, А. Баркер) и отечественными (Л. Н. Митрохин, Е. А. Балагушкин, И. Я. Кантеров и др.) исследователями. Обе общины действуют как сообщество закрытого типа, что выражается в территориальной и коммуникационной замкнутости постояльцев общинного поместья, практике внутренних трудовых повинностей, представлении о группе как о семье. Исследование построено на основе интервью и переписки с бывшими членами обеих общин, анализе материалов закрытой группы в социальной сети, записях занятий, проводимых одним из лидеров групп. Ключевой для теоретической основы работы стала концепция К. Добеллара о «лоскутной» религиозности, характерной для отношения к религии индивида в современной культуре. Образ человека в обеих общинах конструируется на двух уровнях — через внесение изменений в традиционное христианское представление о человеке и на уровне религиозной и околорелигиозной деятельности. Инновации, связанные с вероучением, включают в себя идею об особом статусе членов общины по сравнению с остальными людьми, а также положения об их особой роли в борьбе за спасение мира. Культовая деятельность групп предполагает проведение скорректированных христианских обрядов (крещение, венчание), элементов мистического опыта (ментальная борьба со злом и врагами в Покровской обители), обучающих семинаров и проповедей, обосновывающих особую роль в обществе последователей учения. Социальное взаимодействие внутри общин построено на строгом отборе насельников, контроле лидера за поведением членов группы, системе специфических штрафных санкций, включая игнорирование провинившихся, публичное покаяние, отпевание заживо и изгнание из обители. Формируемый образ человека при таком подходе представляет собой архаическую модель поведения с добавлением внешних элементов светской культуры, актуальную для части верующих.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The purpose of the article is to establish the specificities of the formation of ideas about a person within the framework of the activities of the new urban religious communities of the Kama region, namely the Intercession Monastery and the Family of God. These communities combine features of folk religiosity, new religious movements, and the so-called historical sects. Such eclecticism makes it impossible to apply to the communities the established research apparatus for new religious movements (NRMs), formed by Western (B. Wilson, D. Stone, A. Barker) and Russian (L. N. Mitrokhin, E. A. Balagushkin, I. Kanterov and others) researchers and substantiates the need for this study conducted from both a different perspective and involving new research methodology. Both communities act as a closed community, which is expressed in the territorial and communication isolation of the residents of the communal estate, the practice of internal labor duties, and the idea of the group as a family. The study is based on interviews and correspondence with former members of both communities, analysis of materials from a closed group on a social network, and recordings of classes conducted by one of the group leaders. The theoretical basis of the work was K. Dobellard’s concept of the so-called patchwork religiosity, characteristic of an individual’s attitude towards religion in modern culture. The image of a person in both communities is constructed at two levels: through making changes to the traditional Christian idea of a person and at the level of religious and near-religious activities. It has been shown that innovations related to faith include the idea of a special status of community members compared to other people, as well as provisions about their special role in the struggle to save the world. The religious activities of the groups involve conducting adjusted Christian rituals (baptism, wedding), elements of mystical experience (mental struggle with evil and enemies in the Intercession Monastery), training seminars and sermons justifying the special role of followers of the teaching in society. Social interaction within communities is built on a strict selection of monks, leader control over the behavior of group members, a system of specific penalties, including ignoring offenders, public repentance, burial alive and expulsion from the brotherhood. The study concludes that the so-called new religious movements are in reality examples of traditional religious sects observed in Russia over the centuries. Their values, behavior, and the image of the person are archaic, however they also include additional external elements of secular culture.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>религиозная община</kwd><kwd>городские религиозные сообществ</kwd><kwd>Прикамье</kwd><kwd>Покровская обитель</kwd><kwd>Семья Божия</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>religious community</kwd><kwd>urban religious communities</kwd><kwd>Prikamye</kwd><kwd>Pokrovskaya monastery</kwd><kwd>Family of God</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Балагушкин Е.Г. Нетрадиционные религии в современной России. Морфологический анализ. — Москва: ИФ РАН, 1999. — 244 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Aidala, A. A. 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