TRANSFORMATION OF THE WESTERN EUROPEAN CULTURE STYLE: THE OLD ORDER – THE NEW ORDER – MODERNITY

The main purpose of this article is to uncover ideas about the transformation of the style of culture in the history of development of Western Europe. The article examines the main features of the Old Order and the New Order in the context of the lifestyle and style of thinking, existing as implicit and explicit tendencies of the present. The author emphasizes that the transformation of the style of Western European culture (from the XVIII to XXI centuries) follows the logic: the Old Order - the New Order - the present in various forms of manifestation of a given style. Order here appears as an ordered complex of interrelated sociocultural elements due to the uniqueness of the style characteristics of cultural and historical eras, and the appeal to the original, unique processes that are the lifestyle and style of human thinking allow us to come closer to understanding the essence of the whole culture style. The old order in the article is defined as an integral, unique, self-sufficient cultural epoch of the XVIII century. in Western European history, formed at the junction of feudalism and capitalism, the content of which is presented in a unity of unique phenomena inherent in it: the style of thinking and style of life. During this period, the system of values and way of thinking, closely connected with the traditional organization of society, basic customs, way of life, in contrast to the emerging new social relations-the New Order, manifested in the spread of the bourgeois system of values, the new liberal-democratic ideology, legal system, civil society and secular worldview. The author believes that despite the changes in the modern world (in the 20th and 21st centuries) fragments of the Old Order and the New Order find their own refraction in it.

Style, style of culture, style of thinking, lifestyle, way of life, Old order, New order, modernity, social order, cultural phenomenon

1. Antologiya issledovanij kul’tury. Tom I. [Anthology of cultural studies] / ed. S.Y. Levit. Saint-Petersburg, University book, 1997. 728 p. (In Russian).

2. Ardashev P.N. Provincial’naya administraciya vo Francii v poslednyuyu poru Starogo poryadka. 1774-1789 [Provincial administration in France at the last time of the Old Order. 1774-1789]. Saint-Petersburg, Printing house, V.S. Balashev, K., 1900. 658 p. (In Russian).

3. Vinkel’man I.I. Istoriya iskusstva drevnosti [History of ancient art]. Moscow, OGIZ, 1933. 432 p. (In Russian).

4. Hegel G.W. F. Ästhetik. Berlin und Weimar, Aufbau-Verlag, 1987. 1200 s. (In German) (Russ. ed.: Gegel’ G. Ehstetika. V 4-h t. Tom I. Moscow, Art, 1968. 330 p.).

5. Kantor A. O stilyah [On the styles]. Moscow, Soviet artist, 1962. 80 p. (In Russian).

6. Losev A.F. Problema hudozhestvennogo stilya [The problem of artistic style]. Kyiv, Eurobusiness Academy, 1994. 286 p. (In Russian).

7. Ortega-i-Gasset H. Kant (1724-1924) Razmyshleniya po povodu dvuhsotletiya [Kant (1724-1924). Reflections on the Bicentennial. Fenomen cheloveka [The phenomenon of man]. Moscow, Higher school, 1993. pp. 221-240 (In Russian).

8. Sklyarova E.A. Ideya i formy social’nogo poryadka v zapadnoj kul’ture XVIII – XXI vv. Avtoreferat na soisk. uchenoj stepeni d. filos. nauk [Idea and forms of social order in Western culture of the XVIII - XXI centuries. Abstract of Doct. Diss.]. Rostov-on-don, 2010. 50 p. (In Russian).

9. Sklyarova E.A. «Staryj poryadok» kak zapadnoevropejskij kul’turno-istoricheskij fenomen [“The Old Order” as a West European cultural and historical phenomenon]. Rostov-on-don: SCNC HSE, 2006. 169 p. (In Russian).

10. Talejran SH. Memuary [Memoirs]. Moscow, Institute of international relations, 1959. 440 p. (In Russian).

11. Fuks E. Istoriya ehroticheskogo iskusstva [The history of erotic art]. Moscow, Republic, 1995. 448 p. (In Russian).

12. Shereh E.H. Padenie starogo rezhima (1787-1789). T. 1, 2 [The Fall of the Old Regime (1787-1789). Vol. 1, 2]. Saint-Petersburg, JSC “Brockhaus-Efron”, 1907. Vol. 1. 398 p., Vol. 2. 406 p. (In Russian).

13. Spengler O. Der Untergang des Abendlandes. Erster Band: Gestalt und Wirklichkeit. Wien und Leipzig, Verlagsbuchhandlung G. m.b. H. Wilhelm Braumüller, 1918, 639 s.; zweiter Band: Welthistorische Perspektiven, München, C.H. Beck’sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, 1922. 635 s. (In German) (Russ. ed.: Shpengler O. Zakat Evropy. Moscow, Еhought, 1998. Vol. 1. 663 з., vol. 2. 606 p.).