DOMESTIC VIOLENCE AS MODERN CULTURAL PHENOMENON

The Declaration on the elimination of violence against women adopted by the United Nations General Assembly on 20 December, 1993 defines violence against women as “any act of gender-based violence that results in, or islikely to result in, physical, sexual or psychological harm or suffering to women, including threats of such acts, coercion or arbitrarydeprivation of liberty, whether occurring in public or in private life”. In fact, in order to cover all situations connected with acts of violence against women, some international legal documents use the term “domestic violence”, which implies that an act has occurred within the family or at home, between the former or the current spouses or partners. The psychology of men and women, along with their mentality differ in their nature inherent to the psychological and genetic aspects. These differences are applicable to the question of domestic violence, which men practically or expressively use as a way of letting out their emotions. In this regard, women are those who mainly suffer from forms of violence, which could be identified, becoming seriously injured by their partners. Above all, domestic violence by men presents an imminent threat to the life and health of a woman, since she often has to continue to live together with a man even after being divorced or while investigative activities are being conducted. Moreover, the consequences of this phenomenon have not only a physical component, but also a psychological one, diminishing the fundamental rights of a woman, as well as negatively affecting the formation of her personality. Additionally to internal factors, which influence on the occurrence of such situations within a family, there are external ones conducive to the spread and increase of the abovementioned phenomenon, turning a fight against it into an overall mission, which is actual for all countries. Nowadays the world community faces a range of global challenges, threats and risks, which could have negative impacts of various scales, resulting in deterioration of general human condition. Poverty, underdevelopment of the population and mostly the European migration crisis, which adversely affects women making them more vulnerable are among them. Migrant women, irrespective of the presence or absence of a legal status, as well as women asylum-seekers are at increased risk of violence and face the same difficulties while addressing it. Taking into account the urgency of the problem for all countries, the phenomenon of domestic violence prevalence remains a subject to in-depth international legal review. In this article there are statutory and actual materials; the factors influencing on the occurrence of such situations are being explored; the philosophical inquire is presented; the international legal tools as a way to address violence against women and domestic violence are presented.

Violence against women, domestic violence, discrimination, family relations, risk factors, migration status, Istanbul convention, human dignity, individual security

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