RUSSIAN REVOLUTION IN PHILOSOPHICAL-AESTHETIC PARADIGM OF LITERATURE AND CULTURE OF THE EARLY TWENTIETH CENTURY

Abstract

The article analyzes binary nature of the Russian culture of the first post-revolutionary years emerging as a part of world culture and at the same time preserving its uniqueness and originality. Paradoxicality of certain facts of the Russian history, especially the events of the 1917 revolution, was reflected in the peculiarities of the artistic consciousness of Russian writers, being reproduced in a tragic character of their works. Unlike Western artistic creativity, Russian literature of the first post-revolutionary years is characterized not by the trinity, but by the duality of artistic research. Binary constructions of the Russian culture are often aimed at complete destruction of previous experience in the philosophical-aesthetic system as flawed and unsustainable. Russian culture constructing in deposystem art space is determined by higher values. Russian thirst for absolute freedom in practice resulted in blood and violence, idealization of love - in enmity and hatred. This was manifested in writers’ desire to bring the European triad to the dyad, to present the way of compromise and truth as the way above the fray, the way to nowhere. Supporting literature theorists’ idea of the dual basis of the Russian culture, we deal with the emergence of new humanistic meanings occurring between the poles of the dual opposition. Not a middle plane is meant here, but the area outside these main areas. The best examples of the Russian literature of the first post-revolutionary years are striving to overcome the duality, to reach the balance of the poles, to breakthrough to a new artistic sphere.