MONOLOGUE OF THE EDITOR-IN-CHIEF
RESEARCH ARTICLES. PHILOSOPHY
RESEARCH ARTICLES. RELIGIOUS STUDIES
Globalization processes, which are aimed at forming a single language of different cultures, raise problems of modern identity and its transformation. The process of self-identification is complex and depends on the existing worldview, so the transformation of identity entails a change in the worldview, and vice versa. In other words, such transformation can be seen as transgressive processes, which is clearly demonstrated in the example of religious practice.
The religious worldview is rather stable, but significant changes are observed today. Influenced by syncretism fashion, new religious practices start blurring the boundaries of the world confessions that have been formed over the centuries, replacing the sacrament of conversion with an act of uncontrolled religious transgression, which is especially characteristic of believers who do not feel a special craving for integral system of dogmas.
The authors used the term transgression to fix the phenomenon of crossing the impassable border between the possible and the impossible, leading in some cases to a breakthrough beyond the boundaries of everyday commonness and generally accepted norms. This process is both constructive and destructive, but it is destructive to social norms. Therefore, special attention is paid to the act of religious transgression related to the transition to another faith, which makes it necessary to study in the framework of the article bans and recommendations designed to create a limit of impassability on the borders of world confessions. Based on the comparative analysis of various rules and regulations adopted in Judaism, Islam and Christianity in order to regulate believers’ behavior, the social effect on the formation of the individual religious worldview is analyzed.
RESEARCH ARTICLES. CULTUROLOGY
Mir Bozhiy (God’s World) magazine is justly attributed to the lead periodicals of the p lutionary Russia. It came out in 1892-1906. During that relatively short period, it managed to win well-deserved respect and popularity among its readers. The circulation of 18 thousand issues in its best years is a perfect proof. No other classical fat magazine had such a wide circulation. At first, Mir Bozhiy was considered a specialized edition for young audience. That was the reason for its religious name referring at a young soul exploring the world of the God. However, very soon it turned into a magazine for wider public and readers of different ages. Already one year after it was first published, its cover had the subtitle complimented with a note «for self-education». Mir Bozhiy became a magazine for family reading replacing books, schoolbooks and encyclopaedias.
Its readers had all reasons to love the magazine. Published works of literature — poems, stories, and novels stood out with their high literary level; and scientific reviews represented thorough analytical studies that contained brave and original conclusion. Contributors of the content included the authors who made Russian poetry and literature shine such as Dmitriy Merezhkovskiy, Ivan Bunin, Dmitriy Mamin-Sibiryak, Alexander Kuprin and others.
Exceptional articles came out from the philosophers Sergey Bulgakov, Nikolay Berdyayev, the economist Mikhail Tuhan-Baranovskiy, publishers Pavel Milyukov and Nikolay Iordanskiy, historian Vasily Klyuchevskiy. Articles about music and arts were also frequent in the magazine.
Remarkable publications of the magazine became possible thanks to the high professionalism of its staff members who had literary talents and deep scientific knowledge. One of them, Angel Bogdanovich, was not only an outstanding editor but also an excellent publisher. The real masters of literary translation were Lidia Tuhan-Baranovskaya and Maria Kuprina-Iordanskaya, her first husband was the writer Alexander Kuprin, the head of the magazine’s fiction department. Finally, the magazine’s chief editor Fyodor Batyushkov who was the descendant of the famous Russian poet significantly contributed to the success of the magazine.
Though, in 1906 due to the political situation, the «harmful magazine» as considered by the censors was closed, publications of the Mir Bozhiy continued influencing the development of Russian literature, science and culture for a long time.
RESEARCH ARTICLES. INTERCULTURAL COMMNUNICATION
The article is devoted to studying the problems of integration of the Islamic religion representatives into the indigenous Sweden society. The relevance of the study is provided by several factors, including an increase in the pace of migration, an intensification of the role of the «Islamic factor» on a global scale and in the countries of the Scandinavian region, an increased level of secularization of modern society in Sweden, etc. The latter factor often entails ignorance of religious rules and norms by members of society, including Islam, which can lead to uncomfortable situations, misunderstandings, disagreements and the growth of contradictions. It is the matter of interest that such «isolation» of Swedes from religion as a whole leaves room for migrants to practice their own religion in Swedish society. At the same time, religious and cultural rules and rituals undergo changes, tuning in to certain cultural filters and adapting to the everyday life of Swedes. In order to identify difficulties in the integration process, a number of differences in social and cultural rituals are analyzed, as well as the place of immigrants and their values in the modern society of the country. At present, not only external factors that affect the specific characteristics of modern society in the Scandinavian countries (values, norms, preferences, lifestyle, etc.) are changing, but also significant changes are taking place within the societies of these countries themselves. Taking these changes into account creates prerequisites for the development of a successful integration process, allows you to predict the reaction of people to different processes and events, thereby preventing a clash of sides and setting the direction of cultural and integration policy.
The media in its close interaction with various components of intercultural communication play a crucial role in the processes of international and interregional integration, as an essential communication link for the whole region of the Nordic countries and contribute to solving relevant to the region the problem of finding the optimal balance between different models of ethnic politics.
RESEARCH ARTICLES. CULTURE & ART
An appeal to the novel “Poor Lisa” by Nikolay Karamzin in an extensive cultural and historical context provides an opportunity to pose a question on the transmission of culture, its “vertical” dimension. This makes it possible to distinguish between the characters according to their cultural types: Liza is a person of “soil”, endowed with ancestors’ sacred knowledge, while Erast is a man of «culture» out of touch with the ground. In this regard, it proves to be relevant not so much the social inequality of the characters, as noted by the researchers, as their different worldview, attitude to nature, love, etc. Parallel with the Russian folklore tradition, lyrics, where the concept of «love» is represented through the lexemes «sweetheart», «soul», «heart» are also challenging in this respect. It is to this archaic knowledge, the heritage of centuries, that Liza, the main character, is attached. Separation from love, a broken heart in this context is equivalent to the loss of life. Based on such representations, Liza’s act is considered from a different angle: death is the only possible outcome for the heroine, for her heart life. In the typological aspect, it is fruitful to refer to Montaigne’s Essays, to his statements on heart life, which is to a great extent consistent with the life of nature. At that time, Montaigne’s philosophy was well known to Russian literary figures.
The methodological basis of the study includes structural-typological, comparative, and system-complex (culturological) research methods, ensuring a comprehensive approach to the analysis of the artistic text and making it possible to show the national space in Karamzin’s novel. The results may be interesting to both philologists and cultural scientists, and can also be used in courses on the history of Russian literature.
Based on theoretical studies of the phenomenon of cultural memory (M. Halbwax, F.R. Ankersmit, J. Zerubavel), the author analyzes the essence and mechanisms of commemoration in contemporary Russian military-themed cinema. The relevance of the study is due to the wide public interest in domestic military cinema, its social significance and the growing number of commemorative practices (which include cinematographic works) in honor of the anniversary dates of victory in the Great Patriotic War. The empirical base of the study is founded on the analysis of broad Russian film distribution and the domestic film festival industry 2000-2019.
Working with the phenomenon of the past, military cinema inevitably creates its on-screen interpretation, which, as a result of wide circulation, becomes an act of memory policy aimed at the formation and maintenance of social identity. In this connection, the aim of the study is to identify the axiological component of Russian military cinema of the 21st century by analyzing the value programs of the movie heroes. Tracing the essence and logic of the formation of the Soviet political «myth of war» in cinema, the author comes to the conclusion that this paradigm of war record representation is still present on the screen, taking the form of commemorative cinema. The axiological opposition to this trend is the segment of revisionist cinema, which does not reproduce the Soviet myth, but reinterprets and problematizes the events of the military past. The analysis of revisionist films reveals new options for representing the traumatic military experience on the screen. Finally, conclusions are drawn about the axiological component of commemorative and revisionist cinema.
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